Building a Simple 4WD RC Car from Scratch

Building a Simple RC Car with a 20 Ampere Brush ESC and FlySky i6 Transmitter

Welcome to this comprehensive guide on building a simple RC car using a 20 ampere brush ESC and a FlySky i6 transmitter. This project is perfect for beginners who want to learn the basics of RC car assembly and configuration.

Components Needed
  • 2 x Brush ESC (20 ampere)
  • FlySky i6 Transmitter and Receiver
  • 4WD Car Chassis
  • 3 Cell Lithium Ion Battery Holder
  • Toggle Switch for Power Control

Assembling the Chassis

The first step is to assemble the chassis. This involves attaching the wheels, axles, and other components according to the manufacturer's instructions.

Connecting the ESC

Next, connect the power terminals of both ESC in parallel. This will allow you to power them using a single connector.

Attach a 3 cell lithium ion battery holder along with a toggle switch for easy power control.

Connect connectors to the left and right motor terminals so they can be easily connected to the ESC.

Mounting the ESC on the Chassis

Place both ESC on the chassis using double-sided tape and connect the motor terminals accordingly.

Connecting the Signal Terminals

Connect the signal terminal of the left side ESC to channel 1 of the receiver.

Connect the signal terminal of the right side ESC to channel 2 of the receiver.

Configuring the Transmitter

Turn on the transmitter and navigate to the display mode.

Since the ESC operates at 7-8 volts, you will need to enable mixing in the ELEVON settings.

To do this, go to the ELEVON settings and turn on ELEVON mixing. Then, long press the cancel button to save the settings.

Testing the RC Car

After completing the assembly and configuration, it's time to test the RC car.

Insert the batteries into the battery holder and connect the power terminals of both ESC to the battery holder.

Turn on the transmitter and check that both ESC are receiving power.

Troubleshooting

If the RC car is not moving in the correct direction, you may need to reverse one of the channels.

In this case, the right side motors were connected to channel 2, so we needed to reverse this channel to correct the direction.

Final Test Run

After completing the troubleshooting and configuration, it's time for a final test run.

The RC car should now be fully operational and moving in the correct direction.

RC Car An RC (Radio Controlled) car is a miniature vehicle that can be controlled remotely using a radio transmitter.
History The first RC cars were developed in the 1960s, but they gained popularity in the 1980s with the introduction of more affordable and advanced models. Since then, RC cars have become a popular hobby and competitive sport.
Types RC cars come in various shapes and sizes, including on-road, off-road, and drift cars. They can be powered by electric or gas engines and have different levels of complexity and features.
Components A typical RC car consists of a chassis, motor, transmission, battery, receiver, and transmitter. The transmitter sends signals to the receiver, which controls the movement of the car.
Features Modern RC cars often feature advanced technologies such as proportional control, digital servos, and adjustable suspension. Some high-end models may also include features like GPS, telemetry, and customizable settings.
Uses RC cars are used for recreational purposes, competitive racing, and even educational activities such as robotics and STEM projects. They can be driven on various surfaces, including paved roads, dirt tracks, and indoor facilities.

Introduction
Building a simple 4WD RC car from scratch can be an exciting and rewarding project for hobbyists and enthusiasts. With the right tools, materials, and knowledge, you can create a functional and fun remote-controlled vehicle that can navigate various terrains. In this article, we will guide you through the process of building a basic 4WD RC car from scratch.

Materials Needed
  • 1/10 scale RC car chassis (or build your own)
  • 4WD system (axles, gears, and shafts)
  • Electric motor
  • ESC (electronic speed controller)
  • Battery pack (7.2V or 11.1V)
  • Radio transmitter and receiver
  • Servo motors for steering and throttle
  • Tires and wheels
  • Body shell and lexan or polycarbonate plastic for the body
  • Paint, glue, and other crafting supplies

Tools Needed
  • Soldering iron and solder
  • Pliers and wrenches for tightening and loosening parts
  • Drill press or hand drill for making holes and driving screws
  • Jigsaw or coping saw for cutting curves in plastic or wood
  • Sandpaper and files for smoothing out surfaces
  • Craft knife or X-Acto knife for cutting small parts

Step-by-Step Instructions
  1. Chassis Assembly: If using a pre-made chassis, follow the manufacturer's instructions for assembly. Otherwise, design and build your own chassis using materials like aluminum or carbon fiber.
  2. 4WD System Installation: Install the 4WD system according to the manufacturer's instructions. This typically involves attaching axles, gears, and shafts to the chassis.
  3. Motor and ESC Installation: Mount the electric motor and ESC to the chassis, following the manufacturer's instructions for wiring and setup.
  4. Battery Pack Installation: Install the battery pack in a secure location on the chassis, making sure it is properly wired to the ESC.
  5. Radio Transmitter and Receiver Installation: Install the radio transmitter and receiver according to the manufacturer's instructions. This typically involves attaching the receiver to the chassis and binding the transmitter to the receiver.
  6. Servo Motor Installation: Install the servo motors for steering and throttle, following the manufacturer's instructions for wiring and setup.
  7. Tire and Wheel Installation: Attach the tires and wheels to the axles, making sure they are properly secured.
  8. Body Shell Installation: Install the body shell over the chassis, using glue or screws to secure it in place. Cut out windows and doors as needed.

Tips and Tricks
  • Use a consistent and careful approach when assembling the RC car to avoid mistakes.
  • Make sure all parts are properly secured and tightened to avoid damage or loss during operation.
  • Test the RC car in an open area before running it on rough terrain or at high speeds.
  • Regularly inspect and maintain the RC car to ensure optimal performance and longevity.

Conclusion
Building a simple 4WD RC car from scratch requires patience, attention to detail, and basic crafting skills. With the right materials and tools, you can create a fun and functional remote-controlled vehicle that provides hours of entertainment and excitement.

Q1: What are the basic components required to build a simple 4WD RC car from scratch? The basic components required include a chassis, motors, gearboxes, wheels, axles, suspension, steering system, radio control system, and a power source (battery).
Q2: What type of motor is suitable for a simple 4WD RC car? A brushed or brushless DC motor with a suitable Kv rating (e.g., 3000-4000 Kv) and torque output would be ideal for a small to medium-sized 4WD RC car.
Q3: How do I choose the right gearbox for my RC car? Choose a gearbox that matches your motor's speed and torque output, and consider factors like gear ratio, efficiency, and durability. A 1:10 to 1:20 gear ratio is suitable for most small to medium-sized 4WD RC cars.
Q4: What type of material should I use for the chassis? A lightweight yet strong material like aluminum, carbon fiber, or fiberglass would be ideal for a simple 4WD RC car chassis. You can also use a pre-made chassis kit.
Q5: How do I design the suspension system? A simple suspension system can consist of coil-over shocks, springs, and A-arms or wishbones. You can also use a pre-made suspension kit or modify an existing one.
Q6: What type of steering system should I use? A simple Ackermann steering system with a servo motor and a bellcrank would be suitable for most small to medium-sized 4WD RC cars.
Q7: How do I power my RC car? You can use a rechargeable LiPo or NiMH battery with a suitable voltage and capacity (e.g., 2S 2000mAh). Make sure to choose a battery that matches your motor's requirements.
Q8: What type of radio control system should I use? A 2.4GHz or 5.8GHz frequency hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) or direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) radio system with a suitable transmitter and receiver would be ideal for most RC cars.
Q9: How do I assemble the drivetrain? Assemble the motors, gearboxes, axles, and wheels according to your design. Make sure to align and secure all components properly to ensure smooth operation.
Q10: What are some common mistakes to avoid when building a simple 4WD RC car? Avoid mistakes like improper weight distribution, inadequate suspension travel, incorrect gear ratio, and poor radio control system setup.


Rank Pioneers/Companies Contribution
1 Tamiya Pioneered the development of high-performance RC cars, including 4WD models.
2 Traxxas Introduced innovative designs and technologies in RC cars, such as waterproofing and durability.
3 Losi Developed high-performance RC cars with advanced features like 4WD and suspension systems.
4 HPI Racing Produced a wide range of RC cars, including 4WD models, with emphasis on speed and durability.
5 Associated Electrics (AE) Manufactured high-quality RC cars, including 4WD models, with focus on performance and reliability.
6 Team Losi Racing (TLR) Developed innovative RC car designs, such as the 8IGHT series, with advanced features like 4WD.
7 Durango Produced high-performance RC cars with unique features like mid-motor design and 4WD systems.
8 Mugen Seiki Co. Ltd. Manufactured high-quality RC cars, including 4WD models, with focus on speed and durability.
9 Schumacher Racing Products Developed innovative RC car designs, such as the Cougar series, with advanced features like 4WD.
10 Yokomo Produced high-performance RC cars with unique features like DRIFT and 4WD systems.


Component Description Technical Details
Chassis The main structure of the RC car, made from aluminum or carbon fiber Material: Aluminum alloy 6061-T6
Dimensions: 340mm x 180mm x 50mm (L x W x H)
Thickness: 2.5mm
Motor A high-torque DC motor for propulsion Type: Brushed DC Motor
Voltage: 7.4V (2S LiPo)
Current: 10A
Torque: 1.5 kg/cm
ESC An electronic speed controller for motor control Type: Brushed ESC
Input Voltage: 7.4V (2S LiPo)
Output Current: 10A
Frequency: 32kHz
Battery A rechargeable lithium-polymer battery pack Type: 2S LiPo (7.4V)
Capacity: 2200mAh
Discharge Rate: 20C
Transmission A geartrain for speed reduction and torque multiplication Type: Spur Gear Transmission
Gear Ratio: 2.5:1 ( Motor to Wheel)
Material: Aluminum alloy 6061-T6
Differential A geartrain for power distribution and traction Type: Bevel Gear Differential
Gear Ratio: 1.5:1 (Transmission to Wheel)
Material: Aluminum alloy 6061-T6
Steering System A servo motor and linkage for steering control Type: Analog Servo Motor
Torque: 10 kg/cm
Rotation Angle: ±45°
Wheel and Tire A wheel and tire assembly for traction and suspension Wheel Size: 60mm x 30mm (D x W)
Tire Type: Rubber with foam insert
Thread Pattern: Symmetrical tread
Shocks and Suspension A suspension system for stability and comfort Type: Coil-over Shock Absorbers
Spring Rate: 100 N/mm
Damping Coefficient: 50 Ns/m